Dynamo-electric machine



(No Model.) 5-Sheets-Sheet 1. 4 D. H. WILSON.

DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINE.

Patented Dec. 12, 1893.

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(No Model.)

D. H. WILSON. DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINE.

Patented Dec. 12, 1893.

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, DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINE. No. 510,460. Patented Dec. 12-, 1893.

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(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet1 4. D. H. WILSON.

DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINE.

Patented Dec. 12, l 93.

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140 TNESSAS/ WMQAWA mmm UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

DAVID II. WILSON, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 510,460, dated December12, 1893.

Application filed December 27, 1892. Serial No. 156,601. (No model.)

f0 (LZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, DAVID H. \VILSON, a citizen of the United States,residing at Ohieago, Cook county, Illinois, have invented a new anduseful Improvement in Dynamo- Electric Machines, of which the followingis.

a specification.

My invention relates to dynamo electric machines, such as are used formotors, and has for its object to provide a simple, cheap, convenientand highly efficient machine; also, to provide means for controlling themachine; also, to provide means for convenient use of double poles andarmatures in one and the same mechanism, and in various improvements ashereinafter set out, and to provide a machine with a field having anexceedingly short magnetic circuit.

My invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings wherein Figure1 is a perspective view with parts removed to facilitate examination ofthe remaining parts. Fig. 2 is a part cross sectional and part end view.Fig. 3 is a horizontal section. Fig. 4. is a part side and partlongitudinal section. Fig. 5 is a detail of the brushes and bearing.Fig. 6 is a diagrammatic view of all the circuits. Fig. 7 is a detail ofone of the armature plates. Fig. 8 is a detailed view of one of the barsJ Like parts are indicated by the same letter in all the figures.

A is a base plate suitably supported so as to be capable of lateralmovement on the guides A A.

B B are the field yokes having the inwardly projecting pole pieces B 13secured thereto by the bolts B 13 the pole pieces carrying the fieldmagnet windings B B and also, the exterior compound windings B 15*. Onone side is the hand wheel 13 in the fixed bearing B carrying the screwrod B which screws into a screw-threaded portion or aperture in the baseplate A whereby the machine may be moved laterally to adjust itsposition or tighten the belt. The frame A has projecting toward each endthe portion 0 with the up wardly turned base 0, from which rise thestandards 0 upon which the transverse shaft is j ournaled. Thesestandards are are shaped at the lower end as indicated in Fig. 5, andare secured in position by the screws 0 O One of the standards isprovided with laterally projecting arms C O" to which are pivoted theupwardly projecting arms O G which carry each preferably a carbon brush0 C Each of these standards is held by a spring C so that its brush iselastically forced toward the commutator. The brushes are preferablyadjusted or secured by the set screws C The vertical arm is insulated bythe insulation plates or pieces 0-.

D D are commutator strips having the upwardly projecting portions D D towhich the ends of the armature coils are secured. These commutatorblocks or strips are secured as indicated about the main shaft, upon thesleeve D which is secured on so as to rotate with said shaft.

E is the central driving shaft suitably provided with pulleys or thelike and supported in suitable bearings. On the shaft E is placed ateither end the plate or washer F, shaped preferably somewhat as shown,provided at its outer edge with the outwardly projecting portions G G,formed each with a hole toward its extremity to receive the rods Gr Gwhich run parallel with the shaft E. Midway between these plates is theplate or washer I-I, similarly shaped, and extending to the outer limitof the armature. The armatures proper are made up of a series of platesJ shaped as shown in Fig. 7, having each the slot J semi-circular toreceive the upper por' tion of the rod G, the slot J to receive the barJ and the slot J' to receive the upper portion of the armature coils JThe plate H is provided with apertures through which the rods G pass,and with slotted portions through which the coils JJ of the armaturepass, or in which they rest at the ends, and also, with the outer plateK, held in position by the screws K so as to secure the inner ends ofthe bars J 3 J This central plate or washer or flange l-I (rigid on soas to rotate with the shaft) is properly shaped on both sides so as toreceive the rods, bars, armature coils, the. M is a switch arm tocontrol the compound windings. M is a dead terminal for the same.

M M M, M and M are terminals, from which lead the wires N,N, W, N and N.N leads to the first section of the compound winding B. N leads to thesecond section,

and so on, until we reach the conductor N which leads to the conductorN, which leads to the binding post N, shunting all the compoundwindings.

N is a binding post from which leads one conductor N to the binding postN whence leads the conductor N to one of the brushes 0 of the armatureand from the other brush leads the conductor N to the binding post Nwhence leads the conductor N to the switch arm M. From the binding postN leads the conductor N to the field magnet windings B and the circuitis made through such field magnet windings in series, whence finallyissues the conductor N which leads to the switch blocks N and to theswitch arm N therein. This switch arm has a dead terminal N and a liveterminal N whence leads the conductor N to the binding postN Theseseveral circuits are shown diagrammatically in Fig. 6, and partially inFig. 1, the circuits being suitably completed on the lower side of theswitch board 0 on which the switch box N rests. The armature coils arealso indicated diagrammatically in Fig. 6.

P is a face plate outwardly bulged at P P and secured on the outerextremities of the portions F by means of the screws P P.

It will be observed that the poles and armatures are arranged in twosets, the armature coils to each end being wound so as to be about thelength of the pole pieces between which they lie, and the terminal wiresof the coils R R are carried through the center plate H, being suitablyinsulated, and together with the terminals of the coils lying next tothe commutator are attached to the strips D thereof.

It is evident that many of the features and details of the constructionwhich I have herev illustrated could be varied and altered withoutdeparting from the spirit of my invention. I do not wish to be limitedto the specific construction shown. Many of the features which I haveexhibitedmight be employed separately and in connection with theremaining features, or with other elements. Variations in size, form,construction and relation of the several parts will necessarily followthe adaptation of the main features of my invention to the variouscircumstances for which such machines are required.

The use and operation of myinvention are as follows: Referring to thediagrammatic portions of the drawings and the relation of the windings,switches, &c., it will be seen thatI provide four pole pieces wound inseries,-. also, four compound windings in series, but so as to besuccessively cut out of circuit, and armature coils in series with suchof the compound windings as arein circuit. These compound windings arealso resistances, and serve the purpose of resistances as such arecommonly used in the control of dynamo-electric machines, and are madeof German silver, or some such material, to secure a large surface toprevent over heating.

Referringtothe circuits, I assume that-the current enters at the bindingpost N and passes to the post N whence by the conductor N it is carriedto the field magnet coils B traversing them in series, and emerging atthe conductor N which leads into the switch box, along the switch arm Nto the terminal N and thence by the conductor N to the opposite bindingpost N Thus when the switch arm N is operated the field magnets are incircuit in series. Now by placing the switch arm Mon the terminal M itwill be seen that the armature and compound windings are also placed ina circuit, but in shunt of the field, and the current passes from thebinding post N to conductor N to the brush C thence through the armaturecoils, commutator strips, 8 0., to the opposite brush 0", to conductor Nbinding post N to switch arm M, to terminal M to conductor N, and thencesuccessively through the several compound coils B B to conductor N tobinding post N By moving the switch arm M from terminal to terminal, itwill be observed that I successively cut out the compound windings.

Referring to the constructional features of the device, it will beobserved that the armature proper is composed of the three rings orwashers, one at each end, and one midway of the shaft. They are keyed tothe shaft so as to rotate therewith. Through them are placed the rods G2and on these rods are disposed the several plates of which the armaturecores are composed. They are suitably insulated as desired, When one rowof these plates has been put into position, the armature coil previouslyprepared is slipped into position surrounded by a core portion made bythe projections on the plate J so that the upper portion of the coillies in the slots J Then another row of plates J is put into positionand so on until the armature is completed. The bars J 3 are then slippedinto the slots J their inner ends being secured in position by the plateK. The face platesP are then brought into position on the outer end andsecurely fastened with the screws P Thus it will be seen that thearmature has been built up, and that any section of the armature can beremoved by simply removing the face plate on that side of the armature,disconnecting the parts and raising out the wedge-shaped portion orsection which it is desired to replace. The terminal wires of thesection or coil farthestfromthe cornmutatorare carriedthrough the plateH, and through the end plate F and fastened to the commutator strips.

I claim- 1. In a dynamo electric machine, an armature composed of aseries of wedge shaped sections carrying each a coil, said sectionscomposed of a series of slotted wedge shaped plates with rodstherethrough to hold them together, said slots being so arranged thatthe coils can be slipped on or off the said sections,

and a shaft with supporting plates thereon to which the rods aresecured.

2. In a dynamo electric machine, an armature consisting of a series ofplates wedgeshaped in planand slotted, coils parallel to the shaft andlaid in such slots, said plates being held in place by rods fitting intoslots at the top and bottom of such plates and tastened to plates orspiders on the shaft.

3. In a dynamo electric machine, the combination of an armature shaftwith plates thereon, rods which pass into such plates being supportedthereby and are parallel with the shaft, armature sections composed oftransverse plates slotted, and coils resting in such slots, said platesadapted to rest on such rods, and longitudinal bars between which andthe rods such armature sections are secured.

4. In a dynamo electric machine, the combination of a shunt and seriesfield magnet windings wound so as to aid each other when the dynamoelectric machine is run as a motor, the series coils being used as aresistance in starting the motor.

5. In an electric motor, the combination of shunt and series fieldmagnetwindings,wound so as to aid each other, the series windings beingin sections and of comparatively high resistance, said sectionscontrolled by a switch so that they can be thrown out, one at a time,when starting the motor.

6. In a dynamo electric machine, the combination of two short magnets,united by an external yoke with two similar opposed magnets, saidmagnets having inwardly projectin g pole pieces and an armatureconsisting of two sets of coils, one set between each pair of poles,each set having one end attached to a common plate or spider, and asuitable shaft and commutator and connections from both sets of coils tosuch commutator.

DAVID H. WILSON.

Witnesses:

EDWIN L. HARPHAM, JAMEs L. CLARK.

